Tag: Between Casts

We knew the day would be different when the fishing guides began leaving before breakfast with rafts instead of drift boats.

From our accommodation outside Bozeman, I watched them pulling onto the road one after another, coolers strapped down, paddles laid across trailers, friends already crowded into vehicles. These were men I was used to seeing leave early with rods rigged, lunches packed and a working day ahead of them. That morning there was none of the usual purpose. No one was studying the weather or worrying about where the fish might be holding. The rafts were not being taken out to earn a living. They were being taken out to drink beer, float the river and spend the day with friends and family. Work had been put aside. The water belonged to everyone.

By the time we left for Ennis, the sun was already clear and bright, though the morning still carried a little of the coolness that lingers in the valleys before the heat settles in. The drive across from Bozeman gave us the usual wide Montana distances, the road unspooling through open country with mountains rising beyond it. Gradually the traffic thickened. More pickups appeared, then flags, then families packed into cars with folding chairs, coolers and children dressed in red, white and blue. Long before we reached town, it was obvious that subtlety had not been invited.

It was the Fourth of July in America’s two-hundred-and-fiftieth year, and the anniversary was everywhere. The number 250 appeared on shirts, hats, stickers and shop displays. Walmart had entire racks devoted to it. Cars carried decals. Families wore matching slogans. What might ordinarily have been a national celebration had taken on the atmosphere of a milestone people had been waiting for all their lives.

We arrived early and still had to park almost a kilometre out of town. Hundreds of people were walking in from every direction, carrying chairs, dragging small wagons and balancing drinks and children. Dogs trotted beside them. Families called to one another across the road. Strangers fell into step and started talking as though they had arranged to meet.

My wife and children simply entered into it. They had none of my reservations. To them it was colourful, loud and fun. They were happy to be swept along with the crowd. I was more cautious.

Australians are not especially comfortable with overt patriotism. We tend to prefer ours disguised as sport, complaint or a barbecue. Too much enthusiasm makes us suspicious. Public declarations of national greatness can feel faintly embarrassing, and anything involving flags, anthems and solemn speeches risks setting off an instinct to retreat into irony. We are more comfortable making fun of ourselves than standing still while someone tells us what the nation means. Ennis gave me little room to hide.

By the time we reached the main street, the temperature had begun to climb. There was no wind. The sky was clear and still, the kind of Montana morning that moves quietly from warm to hot without appearing to change at all. We found a narrow place along the curb between two pickups and squeezed ourselves into it. Even arriving a full hour before the parade, we had only just secured a view.

The trucks had been nosed close to the curb with their tailgates lowered into the street. Deckchairs sat in the trays. Coolers were open. Families had built small camps around their vehicles, with food spread out, drinks passing from hand to hand and children moving between one group and the next. Some had arrived early enough to claim large sections of the roadside. Others, like us, fitted themselves into whatever gaps remained.

We did not dare leave to find food. None of us wanted to surrender the spot, and once the crowd thickened there would have been no easy way back through it anyway. We had water and that was enough. Over the next hour the heat rose until I could feel sweat gathering beneath my shirt and running between my shoulder blades. Still we held our place.

The children were the first thing I really noticed. Some wore entire outfits in the colours of the flag. Others had only a hat, a pair of shorts, a dress or a ribbon. There were stars on shirts, stripes on socks and flags painted across cheeks. Little girls in red and white dresses stood beside boys wearing oversized trucker caps. Old men wore shirts they had probably owned for twenty years. Teenagers who might ordinarily have regarded public enthusiasm as beneath them carried flags without embarrassment. Everyone seemed willing to take part.

There were people around us in fly-fishing shirts and caps, which in Ennis is hardly unusual. The Madison River runs through the town, and the whole place carries the identity of a fishing community. More than once someone heard us speaking and turned to ask where we were from. Most could not place the accent. Australia was guessed occasionally, though just as often we were placed in England, New Zealand or somewhere vaguely European.

Conversation came easily. No one seemed in a hurry to return to their own group. People asked where we were staying, what had brought us to Montana and whether we had fished the Madison. Anglers wanted to discuss what had been working, where the water was warming and whether the river had been crowded. Once they discovered I guided in Australia and New Zealand, the questions shifted. Had I fished the Mataura? Was it really as difficult as people said? How much did a trip cost? What was the best month to go?

The familiarity of those conversations steadied me. I had arrived as a foreigner, but fly fishing offered another kind of citizenship. You could recognise it in the shirts, the caps, the way people talked about flows and hatches before they asked what you did for a living. Nationality mattered less once the conversation reached rivers.

Before the parade began, there were speeches. Local figures spoke about the anniversary, the town and the country. I listened politely, still carrying my Australian resistance. Then came the national anthem.

I have always found the American anthem almost unbearably over the top. Bombs bursting in air. Rockets and proof through the night that the flag was still there. To an Australian ear, the language feels theatrical, even excessive. We would sooner mumble through our own anthem before a football match than turn war and survival into poetry.

But context changes things.

The singer that morning did not perform it casually. Whatever the words meant to her, she believed them. The anniversary, the speeches and the crowd had gathered around the song until it carried more than melody. People removed their hats. Veterans stood as straight as age allowed. Parents drew children closer. The main street fell quiet in a way it had not been quiet all morning.

Then the singer reached the lines I had always dismissed as too much, and despite myself, I felt goosebumps rise along my arms. It annoyed me slightly.

I had arrived prepared to observe the whole thing with fond amusement, to enjoy the colour while remaining safely outside its emotional reach. Instead, before the parade had even begun, the day had found a way through.

The first floats came slowly, pulled by pickups and tractors. There were local businesses, mechanics, tourism operators and families from ranches whose names seemed to carry their own history. Cowboys and cowgirls rode through on horseback. There were rodeo representatives, perhaps Miss Ennis Rodeo or Miss Montana Rodeo, sitting upright in decorated saddles and waving with the practised confidence of people accustomed to crowds. Horses clattered along the bitumen while children pressed forward for a better view.

The parade did not feel professionally staged. That was part of its charm. It was homemade in the best sense, assembled from whatever the town had available: trucks, trailers, bunting, horses, uniforms and volunteers. Nothing was polished enough to feel distant. The people passing were the same people who fixed engines, treated patients, raised cattle, ran shops and coached children.

One float honoured a local doctor who had been named physician of the year, or something close to it. The precise title mattered less than the scale of the affection. The float celebrated not merely an award but everything she had done for the community. In a small town, a doctor is rarely only a doctor. She is the person who has seen families through illness, births, accidents and the ordinary emergencies of life. The enthusiasm around her suggested that people were not applauding a profession. They were applauding someone who had shown up.

Another group of floats carried local women holding black placards. Each sign displayed a figure or fact: money raised, people helped, families supported, some record of work done quietly through the year. One sign alone might have seemed modest. Seen one after another, they formed an account of the labour that keeps a community functioning. Meals delivered. Funds collected. People assisted. Hours volunteered. The parade became not only a celebration but a public ledger of kindness.

There were veterans too, most of them older. I had expected to see younger men and women from Iraq or Afghanistan, but the majority appeared to be from Vietnam, with perhaps one or two who might have been old enough to have served in the Second World War. One rode in an old military Jeep with a Browning machine gun mounted in the back. The weapon looked less like a threat than a relic, part of the machinery of memory the town had rolled into the sunlight for the day. They passed to sustained applause.

The fire department followed, lightly spraying water into the air so that it fell as mist across the street. In the growing heat, people leaned towards it. Children shrieked and reached up while firefighters threw sweets into the crowd. For a moment the main street smelled of hot asphalt, dust and water.

There were quad bikes and small motorcycles. Riders lifted their front wheels and performed tricks as they moved through town, to the delight of the children and the mild concern of everyone old enough to imagine the consequences. A giant yeti danced on top of a truck, swaying absurdly to the music. It was impossible to know what business or organisation the creature represented, but that hardly mattered. The parade had room for veterans, doctors, charity groups, rodeo queens and an abominable snowman dancing above a pickup.

Then came the drift boat.

It was being towed on a trailer behind a truck. In the boat were two boys, perhaps twelve years old, dressed as George Washington in blue War of Independence uniforms. One stood in the bow holding a fly rod. The other sat nearer the rower’s seat. They were crossing not the Delaware but the Madison.

The whole thing was absurdly cute, but it also said something genuine about Ennis. In another town, George Washington might have crossed in a wagon or ridden behind a marching band. Here he crossed in a drift boat with a fly rod. The mythology of the nation had been adapted to the local river.

Fly fishing was not presented as a pastime brought in for tourists. It was part of the town’s identity. The guides, boats, shops and anglers belonged to the place as surely as the ranches and rodeos did. The river ran through Ennis not only geographically but culturally. It fed businesses, shaped routines and gave the town a language of its own.

A Coca-Cola truck came through with people running alongside it, handing out ice-cold cans. By then the temperature had climbed enough that the sight of condensation on aluminium looked almost miraculous. Children surged forward. Adults who had spent the morning pretending not to be thirsty reached out as eagerly as anyone.

All along the street, people cheered for neighbours. They applauded the doctor, the veterans, the fire crews, the ranch families and local businesses. Differences seemed to disappear, or at least to be suspended for a few hours. Montana is not a place without division, but in a small town those divisions may be less visible to an outsider. On that morning, whatever private disagreements existed had been pushed aside. Everyone appeared to have accepted the same temporary role: participant.

After the parade, the crowd loosened slowly. People folded chairs, closed coolers and returned to conversations interrupted by the procession. We stayed a while longer, partly because moving was difficult and partly because there was no urgency to leave. Several fly fishers stopped to talk. Some wanted to compare notes on the Madison. Others asked about New Zealand, and soon phones were out and details were being exchanged.

There was a collegiate quality to it. No one seemed to be guarding information or trying to establish authority. We were simply fishermen talking to other fishermen in a town where that was an ordinary way to meet.

By the time we walked back to the car, the day was properly hot. The road out of Ennis carried a long stream of vehicles, and once traffic began moving, it moved quickly. We joined a line of cars and pickups crossing the landscape at close to eighty miles an hour, the open country passing in broad sweeps of grass, road and distant mountains.

When we reached the lower Madison, the river had transformed. Thousands of people were either already on the water or preparing to enter it. Pullouts were crowded with vehicles. Trailers backed towards the river. Inner tubes were stacked in piles. Rafts, kayaks, canoes and drift boats waited at the banks while people carried coolers, speakers and children towards the current.

We slowed and pulled into a couple of overlooks. From above, the river looked less like a fishery than a moving festival. Groups had tied tubes together into floating islands. People hung from the sides of rafts with their bodies in the water. Others drifted beside coolers or held onto whatever would keep them moving downstream. Some of the clusters reminded me of old paintings of survivors clinging to lifeboats after the Titanic, except here there was no fear. Everyone was laughing.

Music carried across the water. Dogs stood at the bows of rafts. Drinks were passed between boats. People called to strangers on the bank. The guides I had watched leaving that morning were somewhere among them, no longer responsible for clients, timing or fish. Their working river had become a place to surrender control.

We sounded the horn as we passed. People in the water yelled back and held their beers in the air.

There was something generous in the scale of it. No one seemed to own the river for the day. Anglers, guides, families, teenagers and tourists all entered the same current. The water that on other mornings might be divided into runs, seams and holding lies had become a social road carrying everyone in the same direction.

Australia has a national day, of course, but I have never seen anything at home quite like it. Ours is more uncertain, more contested and often more subdued. We may gather around beaches, barbecues and sport, but there is usually some reserve in the celebration, some sense that enthusiasm should be kept within reasonable limits. Nothing about this day was reasonable.

That evening we drove to the northern outskirts of Bozeman and parked near the Gallatin County Fairgrounds. Thousands of people had gathered. Cars filled the surrounding lots, and families walked from every direction towards open ground beside the fairgrounds. The grandstand was packed. We found a place with a clear view and waited in the warm dark.

The fireworks lasted a full half an hour.

They began impressively and then kept building. Bursts opened above the fairgrounds, white, red, gold and blue falling through their own smoke. The air gradually filled with the sharp smell of cordite. Smoke drifted across the crowd, softening the lights and catching each new explosion. Children shouted before the sound reached them. Car alarms went off. People cheered between volleys.

The finale seemed determined to use every firework left in Montana. The sky became a continuous glare. Explosions overlapped until there was no silence between them, only light, sound and smoke. When the last barrage faded, horns began sounding across the car park. Then came the chants.

“USA! USA!”

Written down, it sounds almost unbearably excessive.

Perhaps it was.

But by then I understood it differently. The display was not subtle because subtlety was not the point. No one was asking us to adopt their politics, declare allegiance or prove that we belonged. We had simply been allowed to join a town and a river valley celebrating themselves.

Strip away the flags and noise, and much of what remained was familiar: families gathering, friends sharing food, children waiting for sweets, volunteers displaying what they had done for others, guides setting work aside, fishermen talking to strangers and a community making public the fact that it was glad to exist. The patriotism was real, but so was the fellowship beneath it.

I had arrived prepared to be sceptical. Parts of the day still seemed impossibly over the top to an Australian sensibility. The uniforms, chants, flags and language of national destiny did not suddenly become natural to me. I did not leave converted into someone who wanted more ceremony in his life.

But resistance had become more difficult.

The anthem had given me goosebumps. The women holding signs had shown what the town did for its own. Two boys dressed as George Washington had crossed the Madison with a fly rod. Thousands of people had floated a river together, and strangers had raised beers when we sounded the horn.

Perhaps enthusiasm is not always naïveté. Perhaps public pride is not always exclusion. Sometimes it is simply a community giving itself permission to be seen.

By the time the smoke drifted away and the traffic began inching out of the fairgrounds, I was no less Australian and no less suspicious of patriotism as performance. But I had entered into the day despite myself.

And for once, I was glad I had.


Reflections on the final week of trout season

There is something different about the final week of a trout season.

The river itself has not changed dramatically. The water still slips through the valley much as it did in September. Trout still rise when conditions align. Cormorants still patrol the shallows. The river gums still lean over the current as though they have been doing it forever. And yet everything feels different.

Perhaps it is because we know what is coming.

In a few days the season will close. Boats will be pulled from the water. Waders will be hung up to dry. Rods will be returned to racks in sheds and garages. The familiar rhythm that has carried many of us through another spring, summer and autumn will pause once again.

The river will remain.

We simply won’t be fishing it.

I’ve always found this final week carries a mood all its own. The urgency of opening day is long gone. The excitement of summer hatches has faded. What remains is something quieter and, in many ways, more meaningful. Reflection.

The boat ramps tell the story first. Back in September there is often an energy about them. Vehicles arrive before daylight. Anglers compare river levels and weather forecasts. New fly lines are stretched across lawns. Optimism hangs in the air. By late autumn most of that has disappeared. The mornings are colder now. Frost settles across paddocks. Breath hangs in front of faces. The valley takes longer to wake. Boat ramps that were busy a few months ago now sit empty until the wattles bloom again.

For those willing to brave the cold there is a certain beauty in that. The river feels larger somehow. Not physically larger, but quieter. More spacious. Less hurried.

Looking back over the season, one of the things that stands out most is how differently reality unfolded compared to expectations. Back in November I experienced one of the busiest mornings I can remember on the Goulburn. In the space of a couple of hours, four commercial rafts jumped ahead of me. At the time it felt as though every guide operation in Victoria had decided to launch on the same stretch of river. Yet after returning from New Zealand in March, I did not see another commercial boat for the remainder of the season.

Not one.

The same river. The same season. Completely different experiences.

That is one of the lessons rivers continue teaching. Conditions change. Pressure changes. Expectations rarely survive contact with reality.

The season surprised me in other ways too. After more than 150 days spent on the water, I saw remarkably few snakes. Three all season, and all of them swimming from one side of the river to the other. None at boat ramps. None while stepping out of the boat for a quick bathroom break. None in the places where I would normally expect to encounter them. Most years there are several memorable snake stories by the time autumn arrives. This year there were almost none.

It’s a small observation, perhaps, but after thirty years on rivers I have learned that the smallest details are often the ones that stay with you. Every season develops its own personality. This one certainly did.

Many of the most memorable moments had very little to do with trout.

One day we guided a father and his daughter who had recently finished high school. On the surface it was simply another family fishing trip. Yet as the day unfolded, it dawned on me that I had first met her father twenty-nine years earlier when he was travelling through Australia on his gap year. Nearly three decades had passed. Somewhere along the way he had built a career, raised a family and returned to the same river with his daughter sitting where he once sat himself.

Guiding occasionally provides moments like that. Little reminders that time moves faster than we realise.

This season also brought the return of several familiar faces we had not seen for years. Some had travelled extensively with us through New Zealand, Montana and Patagonia before gradually disappearing after 2018. In business it is easy to assume that silence means someone has moved on forever. Yet life is rarely that simple. Careers change. Families grow. Priorities shift. Then one day the phone rings, an email arrives, or a familiar name appears on a booking form.

And suddenly they are back.

Their return reminded me that relationships built over years often remain intact even when there are long periods of silence between conversations. Sometimes people are not leaving at all. They are simply off exploring different chapters of their own lives before eventually finding their way back.

Perhaps that theme of returning sits at the heart of fly fishing itself. People return to rivers. They return to places. They return to friendships. And sometimes they return to earlier versions of themselves. The older I get, the more I notice that many of the things we value most seem to operate this way. We wander away for a while, distracted by work, family, travel or simply the demands of ordinary life. Then one day we find ourselves standing in familiar water again, surprised by how much we remember and how much the river remembers of us.

One of the most memorable fish of the season illustrated that beautifully. We were fishing willow grubs to a feeding trout when it all went awry. The fish ate, we hooked it, and almost immediately everything unravelled. Normally that would have been the end of the story. Instead, the trout immediately resumed feeding as though nothing had happened. We presented another fly, hooked the fish again, landed it, and recovered both flies in the process.

It was absurd.

It was improbable.

And it was exactly the sort of thing rivers occasionally do when they feel like reminding you that they still have a sense of humour.

The older I get, the more convinced I become that the fishing itself is only part of the attraction. People arrive carrying all sorts of things onto a river. Some are escaping pressure at work. Some are navigating retirement. Some are celebrating milestones. Some are quietly carrying burdens they rarely discuss anywhere else. Over the course of a day on the water, something often changes. Not dramatically. Rivers rarely operate that way. Instead, they slow people down just enough to notice things again.

A current seam.

An eagle overhead.

The smell of grass after rain.

The sound of oars moving through still water.

Modern life asks for constant attention. Rivers ask for something different. They ask us to observe. That may be one of their greatest gifts.

Looking beyond the Goulburn, my own most memorable day with a fly rod in hand this year did not occur in Australia at all. It happened on Montana’s Upper Madison, in the rough water below Quake Lake where the river tumbles through boulders left behind by the earthquake that changed the valley forever. I spent an entire day alone in the Slide section. Not another angler. Not another voice. Just the constant white roar of fast water and trout appearing beneath big dry flies wherever the current eased for even a fraction of a second.

The fish were wonderful.

The solitude was better.

That same trip also reinforced another lesson. After a difficult series of late withdrawals left me carrying more financial risk than I had anticipated, one particular group of clients quietly stepped forward and looked after me in ways they didn’t have to. Their generosity wasn’t loud or performative. They simply understood the situation and acted with kindness.

After thirty years in business, moments like that still humble me.

We often talk about rivers and trout as though they are the attraction. Increasingly, I think they are simply the mechanism through which good people find one another.

Looking back over the season, that may be what I feel most grateful for.

Not the fish.

Not the numbers.

Not even the rivers themselves.

The people.

The continuity of old friendships. The return of familiar faces. The conversations shared over lunches, campfires, boat ramps and long drives home.

Rivers change.

People change.

The friendships endure.

Of course, the close of one season also marks the beginning of another. Before long attention will shift elsewhere. New Zealand is already beginning to appear on the horizon. Maps will be studied. Flights confirmed. Gear checked and repacked. Montana preparations are quietly underway. At home, a family road trip we have talked about for years is finally approaching, while a manuscript that has occupied countless late evenings for almost a decade edges closer to becoming an actual book.

Life, like rivers, continues moving forward.

Yet for the moment, none of that feels especially urgent.

There are still a few days left. A few more cold mornings. A few more drifts. A few more opportunities to stand beside moving water and appreciate a fishery that has given so much to so many people over the years.

The anticipation of opening day has always been one of fly fishing’s great pleasures.

Strangely enough, so is the close.

The final week reminds us not to take any of it for granted. Not the trout. Not the river. Not the friendships. Not the seasons themselves.

Before long the boats will be parked away and winter will settle properly across the valley. Frost will return to the paddocks. The river gums will stand bare against grey skies. The Goulburn will continue its journey through the valley, carrying no awareness that another trout season has come and gone.

The river will rest.

And perhaps we should too.

Until spring.
Ant

 

By the time we crossed the Tasman again, New Zealand had started to feel almost mythical.

Not because the rivers had changed, or because the mountains had somehow become grander during the years we were locked away, but because absence has a way of sharpening memory. The last full season we completed before the world closed down was 2019–2020. Back then, news reports played quietly in the background while we guided. Every few days another border tightened somewhere. Another flight route vanished. Another country introduced restrictions that seemed unimaginable only weeks earlier.

The no-name creeks in New Zealand are out of this world - New Zealand Season Review

We finished that season with the uneasy feeling that something larger was approaching.

Then suddenly the world stopped moving.

Like most people, we assumed normality would return far sooner than it did. Instead, seasons passed. Summers disappeared. Rivers we had walked for decades became inaccessible. Clients postponed trips repeatedly, unsure whether international travel would ever truly feel straightforward again. For many anglers, New Zealand slowly drifted from being a destination on next year’s calendar into something that felt more like a memory.

When the opportunity finally arrived to return for the 2022–2023 season, it felt significant in ways that had very little to do with fishing alone.

Back home, much of Victoria was dealing with floods. Familiar stretches of the Goulburn sat beneath heavy discoloured water. Roads were closed. Riverbanks had disappeared. Uncertainty lingered over much of the region. At the same time, reports filtering across from Southland spoke of stable weather, clear rivers and an unusually warm start to summer.

Eventually the decision became obvious.

We loaded the gear, pointed ourselves toward New Zealand and left.

Officially it was a fishing trip before the main hosted season began. Unofficially, I suspect most of us understood it was something else as well.

A reset.

A chance to breathe again.

There is something psychologically restorative about arriving in New Zealand after a long absence. The scale of the country immediately alters your thinking. The valleys seem wider. The rivers colder. The distances between places somehow larger. Even the quality of the light feels different.

For the first few days we based ourselves in Te Anau while our usual accommodation at Dunrobin continued undergoing renovations. It hardly mattered. We were simply happy to be back. The Eglinton, Waiau and Whitestone greeted us with excellent conditions. Dry flies drifted through clear currents once again. Brown trout slid from undercut banks to inspect presentations. Familiar routines, dormant for years, returned almost immediately.

That was perhaps the strangest part of all.

How quickly it came back.

The feel of cold water pressing against your legs. The crunch of gravel beneath wading boots. The instinctive scanning of seams and current lines. The quiet concentration required to stalk visible trout properly. After years dominated by restrictions, uncertainty and cancelled plans, standing in clear New Zealand water again felt deeply restorative.

Not triumphant.

Just quietly right.

One afternoon in the Eglinton Valley we encountered a wounded deer attempting to cross the river. Its pelvis appeared badly broken and we assumed the current would sweep it away almost immediately. Instead, against all logic, it fought through the flow and somehow reached the far bank.

I still remember all of us standing there silently watching it disappear into the grass.

Out there, moments like that tend to linger longer than fish.

Eventually we returned south toward Dunrobin, the farm that has become our seasonal home in New Zealand over so many years. There is always a particular feeling driving back into that valley after time away. Familiar fences. Familiar hills. The Aparima winding quietly through the flats below the house. Some places slowly become woven into your life whether you realise it at the time or not.

I first began guiding in New Zealand more than two decades ago. Over the years we’ve watched clients become friends, friends become regulars, and regulars become part of the extended family that forms around any long-running operation. The fishing remains important, of course, but after enough seasons the rivers become connected to something larger than trout.

They become connected to people.

The fishing itself reflected the conditions of the year. Southland was dry. Water levels dropped steadily as summer progressed and by late season many rivers had become exceptionally clear and technical. On famous systems such as the Mataura and Oreti, angling pressure concentrated around the sections still producing consistently.

That is the nature of modern New Zealand.

Information travels quickly. Social media accelerates everything. Rivers once considered remote no longer remain hidden for long.

Yet Southland still rewards anglers willing to move differently.

Again and again during that season, it was the smaller rivers and anonymous creeks that produced the most memorable fishing. Narrow streams winding quietly through farmland. Water too insignificant-looking for most travelling anglers to notice while driving past. Those rivers suited the season perfectly.

The fish were spaced carefully through long shallow glides, often occupying only the best pieces of structure in miles of water. Success demanded patience. Presentation mattered enormously. Rushing achieved very little. By late summer many trout required near-perfect drifts before moving confidently to a fly.

That challenge remains one of the great attractions of New Zealand fishing.

At its best, New Zealand rewards thoughtfulness. Observation. Restraint. The fish are not difficult because they are unusually intelligent. They are difficult because the environment is so honest. Clear water exposes every careless movement and every rushed decision. There is nowhere to hide from poor presentation in Southland.

Some evenings we fished the Waiau until darkness beneath heavy caddis and mayfly hatches. Those sessions became a highlight for many clients. Early dinners in Te Anau followed by twilight fishing beneath fading light while trout rose steadily through long slick currents. Not everybody chose those late evenings. Some preferred a whisky beside the fire back at the farmhouse, which is understandable too. But those who stayed often spoke about those sessions long after individual fish had blurred together.

That is something I have noticed repeatedly over the years.

People rarely remember trips purely because of fish.

They remember atmosphere.

They remember fatigue.

They remember weather, conversation, shared meals and unexpected moments.

Looking back now, what stays with me most strongly about that season is not any individual trout or river.

It is the feeling of movement returning.

Vehicles loaded before daylight. Clients arriving excited at Queenstown Airport. Guides discussing weather and river levels over breakfast. Wet waders hanging outside the farmhouse at dusk. The simple rhythm of travelling, fishing and sharing rivers together after several years when none of it seemed guaranteed.

Perhaps that is why the season carried such emotional weight.

The pandemic reminded us that experiences we assume permanent can disappear remarkably quickly. Travel. Friendship. Gathering together. Standing beside rivers in distant countries. None of it should be taken entirely for granted.

As the final weeks approached, autumn began edging slowly into the valleys. The season had come full circle.

And once again, the South Island reminded us why we continue returning year after year.

Not simply because the fishing remains exceptional, though it certainly does.

But because certain places eventually become intertwined with memory, friendship and identity itself.

After enough seasons, New Zealand stops feeling like somewhere you visit.

It starts feeling like somewhere that quietly becomes part of your life.

Ant

Fly anglers love discussing flies.

Open any old fly box and there is usually a story attached to half the patterns inside it. Certain flies become connected to rivers, seasons, people and moments in ways that are difficult to explain to non-anglers. Some patterns arrive with great fanfare before disappearing quietly a year later. Others somehow survive decades of changing fashions and continue catching trout long after newer creations have come and gone.

When I was younger, my fly boxes were packed with experimentation.

Every new magazine article seemed to promise a breakthrough. Every overseas catalogue contained flies I was convinced I needed. Every visiting angler appeared to have discovered some secret pattern capable of transforming an ordinary day into an extraordinary one.

There is nothing wrong with experimentation. In many ways it is part of the fun. New ideas drive fly fishing forward and occasionally genuine innovations emerge.

But after thirty years guiding on rivers across Victoria, New Zealand and beyond, my approach has become much simpler.

I still enjoy new flies. I still tie them. I still test them.

Yet increasingly I find myself reaching for the same handful of patterns that have repeatedly proven themselves across different rivers, seasons and conditions.

Experience has made my fly boxes smaller rather than larger.

One lesson keeps resurfacing. Anglers often spend enormous amounts of energy debating fly patterns, colours and materials, while trout continue feeding happily on the same sensible, well-presented flies they have always eaten. Confidence, presentation and understanding current generally matter far more than possessing the latest “must-have” pattern from the internet.

That said, certain flies genuinely earn permanent places in a guide’s fly box.

Not because they are fashionable.

Because they consistently work.

The flies below are not necessarily the only patterns worth carrying, nor are they arranged in strict order of importance. They are simply flies that, over many years across Australia and New Zealand, have repeatedly proven themselves in real conditions.

Some are subtle. Some are attractors. Some imitate insects closely. Others merely suggest life convincingly enough to trigger a response.

But all of them have earned their place honestly.

The Royal Wulff

The Royal Wulff - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

There are more technically realistic dry flies available these days.

Many of them are excellent.

Yet the Royal Wulff continues catching trout with remarkable consistency, particularly in rougher water where visibility and floatation matter more than precise imitation.

It is an old-fashioned fly in the best possible sense.

The white wings remain easy to track through broken current and the fly floats stubbornly even after prolonged punishment. In fast pocket water, high-country streams or heavier riffled runs, it still performs beautifully.

I have watched clients overcomplicate fly choice countless times while some slightly chewed-up Royal Wulff quietly continues producing fish in the background.

That says something.

The Royal Wulff is especially useful as a searching pattern when no obvious hatch is occurring. Fish it confidently. Let it drift naturally. Or suspend a small nymph beneath it when deeper fish are involved.

It remains one of those flies every experienced guide seems to carry, even if they occasionally pretend otherwise.

Beadhead Flashback Pheasant Tail

If somebody forced me to reduce all nymph fishing to a single pattern, this would come very close.The Beadhead Flashback Pheasant Tail - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

Simple. Versatile. Effective.

The pheasant tail imitates an enormous range of mayfly nymphs while the bead and flashback help attract attention without becoming excessively gaudy. It sinks quickly, fishes naturally and works across an enormous range of rivers.

There is nothing particularly glamorous about the pattern, which is perhaps part of its strength.

It simply catches fish.

Most importantly, it fishes well under indicators, tightline presentations, dry-dropper rigs or dead-drifted beneath larger attractor dries.

Some flies become confidence flies because of marketing. Others earn confidence gradually through repeated reliability.

The beadhead flashback pheasant tail belongs firmly in the second category.

Chernobyl Ant

No fly causes more confusion among beginners.

“It doesn’t really look like anything.”

Exactly.The Chernobyl Ant - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

The Chernobyl Ant succeeds because trout are opportunistic creatures. Particularly in summer, large terrestrial patterns crashing onto the surface often trigger reactions far more aggressive than delicate imitations.

This fly excels in places where realism becomes secondary to impact.

Undercut banks. Tight structure. Foam lines. Windy afternoons. Fast bankside water beneath overhanging vegetation.

It is also one of the great teaching flies because clients can see it clearly and fish tend to eat it decisively.

Some of my favourite guiding memories involve throwing large foam patterns into ugly-looking structure where clients are convinced nothing could possibly live.

Then the river erupts.

The Chernobyl Ant may not be elegant, but elegance was never its purpose.

Parachute Adams

If there is a universal dry fly, this is probably it.

Few patterns adapt themselves so effectively across so many situations.The Parachute Adams - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

At various sizes, the Parachute Adams can suggest midges, mayflies and countless small unidentified insects drifting naturally in the film. More importantly, it lands correctly, remains visible and fishes naturally in a wide variety of conditions.

Its simplicity is deceptive.

Good parachute patterns sit beautifully in the surface film, which is often where trout expect vulnerable insects to appear. That subtle low-riding posture frequently matters more than exact imitation.

Guides quietly rely on flies like this constantly.

Not because they are exciting.

Because they continue working when many trendier patterns do not.

Bubbleback Pupa

Rene Harrop understood trout and insects at an extraordinarily deep level.

The Bubbleback Pupa reflects that understanding beautifully.The Bubbleback Pupa - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

At first glance it appears relatively understated, but underwater the pattern possesses remarkable realism. The reflective bubbleback imitates the trapped gases forming around emerging caddis pupae as they ascend toward the surface.

Trout often feed heavily on these ascending insects.

Particularly selective trout.

Fished correctly beneath the surface during caddis activity, this fly can produce some extraordinarily technical fish. Its strength lies less in aggression and more in quiet persuasion.

Like much of the best fishing, it rewards patience.

Copper John

Some flies are designed primarily around elegance.

The Copper John was not.The Beadhead Copper John - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

John Barr designed a practical fish-catching tool built to sink rapidly and attract attention. In fast rivers, deep runs and heavier current seams, that practicality becomes enormously useful.

Its copper body gets the fly down quickly while still maintaining a slim enough profile to resemble natural nymphs convincingly.

More importantly, it catches fish in difficult conditions.

Cold water. Fast current. Deep slots. Heavy pocket water.

It is one of those patterns guides often reach for when clients simply need to begin feeling fish again after a difficult session.

There is comfort in dependable flies.

Klinkhammer

The Klinkhammer changed modern dry-fly fishing because it solved an important problem.

Trout often feed on insects trapped during emergence rather than fully formedThe Klinkhammer - makes our list of top 50 trout flies. adults floating cleanly on the surface.

That vulnerable transition stage matters enormously.

The curved hook and partially submerged body imitate exactly that moment when an insect struggles between water and air.

Once anglers begin understanding emerger fishing properly, they usually start viewing rises differently as well.

Not all rises are true dry-fly eats.

Many fish are feeding just beneath the surface.

The Klinkhammer bridges that gap beautifully.

Royal Stimulator

The Royal Stimulator sits somewhere between attractor pattern, stonefly imitation and pure optimism.

It is large. Visible. Buoyant. And wonderfully effective.The Royal Stimulator- makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

I particularly like it in fast freestone water or smaller mountain streams where fish have less time to inspect flies critically.

Its greatest strength may actually be as the top fly in a dry-dropper rig. The buoyancy supports heavier nymphs while remaining highly visible in turbulent current.

And occasionally, despite the nymph hanging beneath it, the dry itself gets eaten violently by a fish charging several feet through broken water.

Those moments never really become boring.

Bushy’s Emerger

Kaj Busch understood difficult trout exceptionally well.The Busjy's Emerger - makes our list of top 50 trout flies.

Bushy’s Emerger reflects a very Australian understanding of selective fish feeding calmly in clear water.

Unlike highly visible attractor dries, this fly relies on subtlety. Muted tones. Soft silhouette. Natural posture.

In difficult mayfly hatches, particularly under overcast skies, Bushy’s Emerger often outfishes brighter or more heavily hackled patterns because it simply looks alive in the film.

This is not a fly for impatient anglers.

It rewards careful presentation, fine leaders and restraint.

But when conditions align properly, it can become one of the most effective dry flies on the river.

Final Thoughts

As anglers gain experience, many gradually simplify their fly boxes.

Not because they stop enjoying flies, but because certain patterns repeatedly prove themselves over enough seasons that confidence naturally settles around them.

That confidence matters more than many people realise.

A well-presented fly fished with belief generally performs better than constant anxious changing. Rivers reward calm observation more than panic.

There will always be new patterns arriving. New materials. New trends. New debates. Some will genuinely advance fly design. Others will disappear almost immediately.

The flies that truly endure usually share similar qualities. Simplicity. Function. Versatility. The ability to suggest life convincingly without unnecessary complication.

Those are the flies guides continue carrying long after fashion has moved elsewhere.

Not because they are nostalgic.

Because they still work.

Ant

Most anglers spend remarkably little time simply watching trout.

Not casting to them.
Not moving toward them.
Not trying to catch them.

Just watching.

Yet some of the most valuable lessons rivers offer emerge during those quieter moments when you slow down enough to properly observe how large fish behave in current.

The trout featured in this short unedited footage had been holding in the same section of the Goulburn for some time. Big fish in tailwaters often become deeply connected to particular lies, especially those offering the ideal balance between security, oxygen, current speed and food delivery.

To somebody unfamiliar with rivers, the fish appears almost motionless.

In reality, it is constantly making tiny adjustments.

A slight tilt of the body.
A subtle movement sideways through the seam.
A gentle rise in the water column to intercept a drifting insect before sliding back into exactly the same current line again.

Large trout rarely waste energy unnecessarily.

That is one of the first things years on rivers begin teaching you.

Everything about a mature fish revolves around efficiency.

The best lies in a river are not random. They are positions where a trout can maximise reward while minimising effort and exposure. A fish holding properly should be able to access oxygen-rich current, drifting food and nearby protection without constantly fighting the river.

The larger the trout becomes, the more carefully it tends to position itself.

That is especially true in rivers like the Goulburn where fluctuating water levels constantly reshape current seams and feeding lanes. Unlike stable spring creeks, tailwaters are dynamic systems. Water rises. Water drops. Gravel shifts. Current pushes differently through bends from one week to the next.

And every significant change in flow alters the hierarchy of the river.

Prime lies emerge.
Others disappear.

Fish that once held comfortably beneath a bank suddenly become exposed. New seams form. Current pressure changes. Feeding lanes improve or collapse almost overnight.

Then the quiet reshuffling begins.

Smaller trout are displaced first. Larger, more experienced fish generally adapt quickest, slipping back into the newly formed prime water with remarkable speed. Years spent surviving in moving water seem to sharpen their instinct for positioning. They understand current in ways difficult to fully appreciate until you spend enough time watching them closely.

This is one of the reasons experienced anglers become slightly obsessed with observation.

The more time you spend watching trout rather than simply fishing for them, the more patterns begin revealing themselves. You notice how fish behave differently depending on light levels, water height, insect activity and pressure. You begin recognising the subtle distinction between fish that are actively feeding and fish merely holding in comfort water.

You also realise how much of trout fishing revolves around understanding current itself.

Current is everything.

Food delivery.
Security.
Oxygen.
Energy expenditure.

The river determines all of it.

A trout holding comfortably behind a submerged rock may only need to move several inches to intercept food drifting downstream. Another fish positioned poorly in heavy current may burn enormous energy simply trying to maintain its place in the river. Over time, these differences matter. Large trout do not survive many seasons by making poor energy decisions repeatedly.

That economy of movement becomes fascinating once you start noticing it.

Watch a truly dominant fish long enough and it begins to feel less like randomness and more like quiet calculation. Not intelligence in the human sense, of course, but instinct refined through survival. Every movement is measured against current speed and opportunity.

Sometimes the fish barely moves at all for several minutes.
Then suddenly:
tilt,
rise,
eat,
return.

The simplicity of it is strangely compelling.

Tailwaters like the Goulburn make this type of observation particularly interesting because the fish are often visible for extended periods. Long slicks, gentle seams and controlled flows allow anglers opportunities to study trout behaviour in remarkable detail if they resist the urge to immediately cast.

That patience is difficult for many anglers initially.

Modern fishing culture often encourages constant movement. Cast here. Change flies. Cover more water. Chase outcomes. Yet some of the most important understanding develops while standing quietly on a bank doing almost nothing at all.

Just watching.

Over decades guiding on the Goulburn, I’ve probably learnt as much observing trout as I have catching them. Certain fish teach you things. Certain lies reveal patterns that repeat throughout rivers everywhere. Eventually you stop merely seeing “a fish” and begin recognising structure, current relationships and feeding opportunities almost instinctively.

The river starts making more sense.

You begin understanding why one seam consistently produces better fish than another seemingly identical run nearby. You notice how changing light alters trout confidence. You recognise how subtle increases in flow reposition fish through entire stretches of river.

These are not dramatic revelations.

Most occur gradually over years.

And perhaps that is one of the reasons fly fishing remains so endlessly interesting. Rivers refuse to fully surrender their patterns all at once. They reveal themselves slowly to those willing to keep paying attention.

The trout in this footage will likely shift position many times over coming seasons as the river changes around it. Floods may reshape the run entirely. Lower flows may expose the lie completely. Another larger fish may eventually displace it.

Nothing in rivers remains static for very long.

That constant change is part of their appeal.

Still, for this brief moment captured on camera, the fish sits exactly where experience has taught it to be: balanced perfectly between effort, opportunity and survival.

A good lie in a river is a valuable thing.

The trout understand that well.



 

Most guided fly fishing trips go very smoothly.

Clients arrive excited, the coffee is still hot, the river looks good and by mid-morning everybody has settled into the natural rhythm that good fishing days tend to find eventually.

But after thirty years in drift boats and on rivers across Australia, New Zealand and Montana, guides do begin noticing certain recurring patterns.

None of these things are particularly serious. In fact, many are quietly amusing once you’ve spent enough years around anglers. Still, there are a few small observations that can make a guided trip noticeably more enjoyable for both client and guide alike.

So in the interests of preserving morale, fly boxes and mutual sanity, here are a few gentle observations from the front seat of the drift boat.


Arriving Late

Most guides are awake long before clients arrive.

Boats have already been launched or prepared. Lunches packed. Gear organised. Weather checked repeatedly. Coffee consumed in industrial quantities.

Turning up thirty minutes late without warning usually means missing the best part of the morning hatch while beginning the day slightly flustered.

If you are running behind, simply send a message. Your guide will probably forgive you instantly, particularly if it gives them time for another coffee.


Trust the Guide

One successful afternoon fishing hoppers in 2009 does not necessarily override twenty years of local river experience.

Guides spend enormous amounts of time observing current conditions. Water levels, insect activity, temperature changes, fish positioning and weather all influence daily decisions. Sometimes clients understandably arrive with confidence in a favourite fly or technique, but part of the value in hiring a guide lies in trusting somebody who has likely spent the previous hundred days on that same river.

Occasionally the guide may still be wrong of course.

But statistically, they’re probably your best bet.


“I Know”

This is one guides hear often.

“Yep, I know.”

Usually moments before the exact same mistake happens again.

Good guides are not trying to lecture people. Most genuinely want clients to improve and enjoy themselves more. Small adjustments in casting angle, line control or presentation often make enormous differences.

If a guide repeats something several times during the day, there is generally a reason.


The Quiet Economy of Flies

Every guide eventually develops a slightly haunted look after watching clients donate half a fly box to submerged timber.

Good flies take time to source, organise or tie. Some patterns become difficult to replace entirely. Others represent years of small refinements and experimentation.

Losing flies occasionally is simply part of fishing. Repeatedly throwing the same rig directly into obvious overhanging branches begins drifting into another category altogether.

At a certain point, even the trout start feeling embarrassed.


Other Guides

Talking constantly about another guide while floating downriver with your current one is a little like discussing your ex-partner on a first date.

Most guides know each other.
Some are close friends.
Some are fierce rivals.
Some actively avoid each other at boat ramps.

You may not necessarily know which category your stories fall into.

A little awareness goes a long way.


Politics

There are few places left in modern life that still feel genuinely quiet.

Rivers are one of them.

Most people come fishing to escape noise, pressure and argument for a while. The fish do not care about elections, tax reform or social media outrage, and truthfully, the river is usually improved by following their example.

There is nothing wrong with thoughtful discussion outdoors. Some of the best conversations I’ve ever had happened in drift boats. But endless aggressive political debate tends to drain the atmosphere remarkably quickly.

Particularly before lunch.


GPS Pins and “Secret Spots”

Every experienced guide eventually develops a sixth sense for clients quietly reaching into pockets near productive water.

Guides understand the temptation. Beautiful water invites curiosity. But good river sections are often the product of decades spent exploring, learning flows, understanding access and gradually piecing together patterns over many years.

Dropping GPS pins on somebody else’s hard-earned water without permission is generally considered poor form in fishing culture almost everywhere on earth.

Besides, most truly good rivers change constantly anyway. Learning why fish hold somewhere matters far more than simply marking a coordinate.


Phones

One loud ringtone cutting through a quiet river valley can undo twenty minutes of carefully rebuilt serenity.

Enough said.


Significant Others Who “Might Enjoy the Drift”

This one occasionally requires delicate handling.

A drift boat looks peaceful from the outside. And often it is. But eight hours exposed to weather, casting, tangles, sun, cold, repetitive drifting and long periods without shade can feel surprisingly long for somebody with absolutely no interest in fishing.

If your partner genuinely enjoys rivers and the outdoors, wonderful.

If they merely “might like coming along,” proceed carefully.


Criticism

Good guides correct people constantly.

Not because they enjoy criticising clients, but because small adjustments matter enormously in fly fishing. A slightly altered drift angle or timing change may completely transform results.

Most experienced anglers eventually realise something important:
the best guides are rarely the ones endlessly telling you how well you’re doing.

They are the ones quietly helping you improve.

Even when it bruises the ego slightly.


Weather

Guides control many things.

Weather is not one of them.

Guide not God is a common phrase and bumper sticker in Montana. Most fly Fishing guide peeves relate to a breakdown in client common sense.

Neither are floods, cold fronts, bushfires, hydro releases, thunderstorms or unexpected wind changes.

Despite this, guides across the world continue receiving apologetic looks from clients whenever conditions deteriorate, as though they personally arranged the low-pressure system several days earlier.

Sometimes difficult conditions produce the best fishing anyway.

And sometimes rivers simply humble everybody equally.

That too is part of the sport.


The Handshake

One final observation.

Most drift boat guides have hands resembling old cricket gloves by the end of the season. Years of rowing, anchors, ropes and cold water tend to do that.

There is no need to test your full grip strength upon introduction.

Your guide still needs those hands functional enough to untangle your leader later in the day.


The truth is, most clients are excellent.

They are thoughtful, enthusiastic and genuinely appreciative of the experience. Many become long-term friends. Some return year after year until certain stretches of river become part of a shared history between guide and angler.

And really, that is one of the more rewarding parts of this profession.

Because at its best, guided fly fishing has never simply been about catching trout.

It is about shared days outdoors.
Conversation.
Weather.
Learning.
Patience.
Stories retold over dinner afterwards.
And occasionally laughing at the small absurdities that naturally emerge whenever human beings spend long enough together in moving water.

The river usually sorts the rest out eventually.

Tight lines.